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Philosophy
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Epicurus, Pleasure is the Highest Good
Epicurus was born in the Greek colony on Samos, but spent most of his active life in Athens, where he founded yet another school of philosophy. At "the Garden," Epicurus... |
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Cicero, Roman Philosopher
Cicero was born in 106 BC, six years before the birth of Julius Caesar, into a wealthy family, though none of his family served as senators. He received the Roman equival... |
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Seneca, Philosopher
Seneca, Roman philosopher, dramatist, and statesman, who was one of the most eminent writers of the Silver Age of Latin literature. He was born Lucius Annaeus Seneca in C... |
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Marcus Aurelius, Roman Emperor
Marcus Antoninus the Philosopher, Roman Emperor from 161 to his death in 180. It is this quality of Marcus' character which has made him a unique figure in Roman history,... |
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Plotinus, Father of Neoplatonism
Plotinus was a major philosopher in the ancient world and is widely considered the father of Neoplatonism. Much of our biographical information about him comes from Porph... |
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Saint Augustine, Bishop of Hippo
He was named the Christian bishop of Hippo (Annaba, Algeria) in 396, and devoted the remaining decades of his life to the formation of an ascetic religious community. Aug... |
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Boethius, Roman Scholar
In two ways, Boethius was unique. He was far and away the best educated Roman of his age: indeed, there had been no one like him for a century, and there would never be a... |
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Averroes (Ibn Rushd), Muslim Scientist
Abu'l Waleed Muhammad Ibn Ahmad Ibn Muhammad Ibn Rushd, known as Averroes in the West, was born in 1128 C.E. in Cordova. He studied philosophy and law from Abu J'afar Har... |
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St. Thomas Aquinas
Thomas Aquinas, born of a noble family in Rocca Secca, near Aquino in 1225, was to complete the magnificent synthesis of Scholasticism. Thomas Aquinas was the first to... |
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Nicholas of Cusa, Polymath
Nicholas of Kues, also referred to as Nicolaus Cusanus and Nicholas of Cusa, was a cardinal of the Catholic Church from Germany (Holy Roman Empire), a philosopher, jurist... |
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Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, Philosopher
Count Giovanni Pico della Mirandola was an Italian Renaissance philosopher. He is famed for the events of 1486, when at the age of 23, he proposed to defend 900 theses on... |
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Desiderius Erasmus
Desiderius Erasmus of Rotterdam was a Dutch humanist and theologian. Erasmus was a classical scholar who wrote in a "pure" Latin style. Although Erasmus remained a Roman... |
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Niccolò Machiavelli
In 1498, Niccolò Machiavelli began his career as an active politician in the independent city-state of Florence, engaging in diplomatic missions through France and German... |
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In Praise of Folly, Erasmus
In Praise of Folly (Encomiun Moriae in Latin) was written in 1509 by the Dutchman Erasmus of Rotterdam when he was guest to his English famous friend Thomas More,or Morus... |
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Michel Eyquem de Montaigne
French humanist whose motto was "Que sais-je?" ["What do I know?"]. Montaigne's Essais (Essays) (1580, 1588) drew attention to the vain pretensions of human rationality a... |
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