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    Neanderthals, Subspecies of Homo Sapiens  
Neanderthals were archaic humans that became extinct about 40,000 years ago. They seem to have appeared in Europe and later expanded into Southwest, Central and Northern Asia. There, they left hundreds of stone tool assemblages. Almost all...
 
 
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  Galen of Pergamum, Roman Physician  
Aelius Galenus or Claudius Galenus, better known as Galen of Pergamum (modern-day Bergama, Turkey), was a prominent Roman physician and philosopher of Greek origin, and probably the most accomplished medical researcher of the Roman period....
 
    Leonardo da Vinci, Renaissance Man  
Leonardo da Vinci was an Italian Renaissance polymath: painter, sculptor, architect, musician, mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, geologist, cartographer, botanist, and writer. His genius, perhaps more than that of any other figu...
 
    Vesalius, Founder Human Anatomy  
Andreas Vesalius was an anatomist, physician, and author of one of the most influential books on human anatomy, De humani corporis fabrica (On the Fabric of the Human Body). Vesalius is often referred to as the founder of modern human anato...
 
    Nicolaes Tulp, Surgeon  
Nicolaes Tulp was a Dutch surgeon and mayor of Amsterdam. Tulp was well known for his upstanding moral character and as the subject of Rembrandt's famous painting The Anatomy Lesson of Dr Nicolaes Tulp. The career of Dr Tulp matched the...
 
    Jan Swammerdam, Dutch Naturalist  
Swammerdam was a seventeenth century Dutch microscopist and naturalist who is most famous for his microscopic observations and descriptions of insect development that were published posthumously as The Bible of Nature, but is more often ref...
 
    Herman Boerhaave, Physician  
Dutch physician, anatomist, botanist, chemist and humanist. One of the most influential clinicians and teachers of the 18th century, Boerhaave spent almost his entire life in Leiden, which became a leading medical centre of Europe. Like Tho...
 
    Emanuel Swedenborg, Swedish Scientist  
Emanuel Swedenborg was a Swedish scientist, philosopher, Christian mystic and theologian. Swedenborg had a prolific career as an inventor and scientist. In 1741 at the age of fifty-three he entered into a spiritual phase in which he eventua...
 
    Franz Josef Gall, Pioneer Brain Functions  
Franz Josef Gall was a German neuroanatomist, physiologist and pioneer in the study of the localization of mental functions in the brain. Claimed as the founder of phrenology, Gall was an early and important researcher in his fields. His...
 
    Samuel Morton, Natural Scientist  
Samuel George Morton was an American physician and natural scientist. Samuel George Morton is often thought of as the originator of "American School" ethnography, a school of thought in antebellum American science that claimed the differenc...
 
    Shinya Yamanaka, Stem Cell Researcher  
Shinya Yamanaka is a Japanese physician and stem cell researcher. In 2006, he and his team generated Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells - from adult mouse fibroblasts. In 2007, he and his team were able to generate Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell...
 
       
         
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